ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE: A GLOBAL THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND MODERN MEDICINE

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most serious public health challenges of the modern era. The widespread and inappropriate use of antibiotics in human medicine, veterinary practice, and agriculture has accelerated the development of resistant microorganisms. As a result, many previously treatable infections have become increasingly difficult to manage, leading to prolonged illness, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. This review discusses the causes, mechanisms, consequences, prevention strategies, and future perspectives related to antibiotic resistance. Understanding this growing threat is essential for protecting the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapies and ensuring global health security.